| Origin | Ancient Akkadian Empire |
| Developments | |
| Contributions by | Arab and Persian scholars • Indian mathematicians |
| First focus area | Heavenly movements |
| Formerly known as | Astronomics |
| Subsequent topics | Geometry • Number systems • Trigonometry • Spherical geometry • Celestial mathematics |
| Expanded applications | Engineering • Technology |
| Applications in ancient times | Astrology • Astronomy |
