| Founded | Early 1980s |
| Founder | |
| Focus areas | Computing • Networking • Operating systems • Applications • Devices |
| Broader impact | Helped drive the broader development of the technology industry |
| Cultural impact | Cultivated a culture of peer collaboration inspired by open-source software movement |
| Key contributions | Internet protocol stack and TCP/IP networking • Linux operating system • Python programming language • Ruby programming language • Laptop • Smartphone |
| Role in Microsoft's rise | Played a key role in Microsoft's rise to dominance |
