| Type | Socioeconomic model |
| Course | Industrial Revolution |
| Impacts | Alternative business model • Stability in industrial enterprises • Greater worker empowerment |
| Purpose | Enhancing worker well-being and empowerment |
| Principles | Cooperative ownership • Collaborative governance • Labor relations |
| Variations | Worker-owned cooperatives • Shared ownership models • Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) |
| Place of origin |
