| Type | Information processing device |
| Purpose | Cryptography, secret intelligence |
| Invented | 1950s United States |
| Advantages | Simultaneous processing • Computational advantage |
| Components | Holographic microchips • Quantum bits (qubits) |
| Technology | Quantum mechanics |
| Limitations | Hardware constraints • Difficulty in building |
| Historical significance | Enabled deciphering of encoded Cold War messages |
